Monday, January 20, 2014

What Is TPACK?


The concept of TPACK derives from the idea that technology, pedagogy, and content can work together. The interaction between these three occurs in a specific context, thus outcomes will vary in each classroom. This interaction of teacher’s knowledge can result in the appropriate implementation of the three to create a unique experience for students. TPACK is also the result of extensive research based on Lee Shulman's concept of Pedagogical Content Knowledge. Matt Koehler and Punya Mishra added technology to this idea and expanded it to create TPACK. 
TPACK stands for Technological Pedagogical and Content Knowledge. The result of adding technology to the previous concept extends the possibilities for a rich and vast classroom experience. Because technology surrounds almost all of us, teachers must learn to take advantage of it to incorporate it as a teaching technique. This is part of TPACK’s goal of understanding how technology, pedagogy, and content interrelate. 
To understand how these three types of knowledge work together, we must know what each mean. Technological Knowledge refers to teacher’s ability with technological tools. This idea includes the tools a teacher might need to implement them in any lesson. These might include laptops, IPads, cameras, and smart tables to name a few. In addition, other resources such as Google Earth, word processors, or any other software can be useful. The use of technology will enable the teacher to help the students understand the lesson easily.
In addition to Technological Knowledge, there is Pedagogical Knowledge. This refers to theories and methods of instruction. Pedagogy is how teachers implement each lesson. This include if the lesson will be in the form of a debate, a group discussion, or with direct instruction to name a few. It is here where teachers demonstrate and apply what they know about how their students learn and how to address it. 
The third type of knowledge is Content Knowledge. It refers to the subject matter. This is where teachers need to identify the purpose of their lesson. In addition, it involves the implementation of learning standards and the goal of the activity. Content includes knowing about the subject such as Math and Science, as well as other concept, theories, ideas, and approaches to use.

As these three types of knowledge connect and interact with each other, new types are created. These are Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK), Technological Content Knowledge (TCK), Technological Pedagogical Knowledge (TPK), and Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK). PCK refers to how teachers represent the subject matter in a way that adapts it to student’s needs and knowledge. For example, a teacher arranging a science activity by groups of four. She takes in consideration the pedagogy (work in groups) and the content (Science). 
TCK occurs when technology is applied to change the subject matter. For example, a teacher using Google Earth so students learn about the relation of the location of mountains and the interaction of tectonic plates. TPK is an understanding of how we can take advantage of technology to use it in particular ways. The result of the interaction of all three types of knowledge is TPACK. It is the representation of all three working together. Matthew Koehler and Punya Mishra describe it as a way in which all three are equally important and interactive.
For me, TPACK is a unique understanding of how knowledge must be seen as interactive rather than isolated. It is a way to bring all previous knowledge together and enhance them with the use of technology. Technology surrounds us more and more every day. As teachers, we need to be informed and well prepared to take advantage of any innovation. This will benefit our students by preparing them for using them in the future.
If teachers know how the three types of knowledge interact, they will easily identify ways to implement them in their classroom. Teachers need to be aware of all the different tools to which they have access. This will enable them to mold those tools, combine them with their own content and pedagogy, and create a unique learning environment for their students. An easy way to know which technology to use is to learn about new technological trends. In addition, about ways other teachers use them. This will give them an idea of what other students are having access to and implement them in their own classroom. 

Resources:

Image of what is TPACK
TPACK explanation in two minutes

No comments:

Post a Comment